This Indicator measures the percent of individuals who live in households in which at least one household member received SNAP (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program) benefits in the past 12 months, by race/ethnicity.

This Indicator measures the percent of individuals who live in housing units that do not have complete plumbing facilities. Complete plumbing facilities include hot and cold water and a bathtub or shower.

This Indicator measures the percent of homeowners who have a mortgage or loan on their homes. Outstanding debt distinguishes these homeowners from those who own their homes free and clear and no longer need to make mortgage or loan payments.

The measurement is percent of students by race/ethnicity who scored “Standard Not Met” on their SBAC ELA test in 3rd grade. The SBAC is California's state-mandated test for all students starting in 3rd grade. Scores only include students enrolled in OUSD schools, not charters or private schools.

This Indicator measures the rate of domestic violence victimization in Oakland by race/ethnicity. Rate is calculated as the number of domestic violence incidents per 100,000 people of the same race/ethnicity (of any age).

This Indicator measures the percent of the population aged 16 and older who are neither working nor looking for work. Employed individuals, unemployed individuals who are looking for work and individuals in the armed forces are not included in this measure.

The measurement is percent of OUSD students (in Grades 10, 11, and 12) by race/ethnicity who are not enrolled in a Linked Learning Pathway. According to OUSD, Linked Learning is a successful approach to education based on the idea that students work harder and dream bigger if their education is relevant to them. These pathways, also known as college and career pathways, are a set of high school courses and work-based learning experiences such as internships that link academic learning to real world careers and college majors.

This Indicator measures the rate of new HIV diagnoses per 100,000 population for each racial and ethnic group from 2014-2016 in Alameda County. The Alameda County Public Health Department’s HIV Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit is required to report new HIV diagnoses, which is a proxy for new HIV transmissions which are difficult to capture.

This Indicator measures the hourly wage for all workers ages 16 and older and compares it to the 2016 Oakland living wage ($14.86 per hour). Hourly wages are calculated by dividing the total person’s earnings by the product of the weeks worked and the usual hours worked per week during the past 12 months. The weeks worked variable was set to the midpoint of the interval included in the ACS data. Only workers with non-zero earnings, who were not self- employed or unpaid family workers, and who were at work or had a job but were not at work last week were included in the analysis. (Source for methodology: http://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/pdf/2014/chartbook-data-and-methods.pdf)

This Indicator measures the likelihood of individuals living in overcrowded housing, which is defined as housing units that have more than 1.5 people per room. Persons-per-room is the most common measure for overcrowding in housing, and 1.5 is a widely accepted threshold above which there are impacts on health and personal safety. (Source: https://www.huduser.gov/publications/pdf/measuring_overcrowding_in_hsg.pdf)