This Indicator measures the age adjusted rate of acute preventable hospitalizations. “‘Preventable hospitalizations’ are inpatient hospital stays that could have been avoided with improved access to and quality of outpatient care. They are measured by prevention quality indicators (PQIs). PQI #91, the acute composite, is a summary measure which includes bacterial pneumonia, urinary tract infection, and dehydration preventable hospitalizations for adults. ”(Source:http://www.healthyalamedacounty.org/indicators/index/view?indicatorId=2480&localeId=2 38)

This Indicator compares zip codes in which more than 60% of the population is non-White to those in which more than 60% of the population is White. The third category of zip codes is those in which the population is racially and ethnically mixed. Data is from 2013 through the third quarter of 2015.

This Indicator measures the rate of discretionary stops per 1,000 people in Oakland by race/ethnicity. “In 2016 through 2017, officers were required to complete stop data forms after every discretionary detention or arrest, and discretionary encounters in which a search or request to search occurred. Discretionary stops and searches exclude detentions and arrests that occurred as the result of a dispatched call for service, a citizen request, or for stops occurring pursuant to search warrants.” (Source: Oakland Police Department’s 2016- 2017 Stop Data Report)

The measurement is the rate of teachers per 1,000 students of the same race/ethnicity in OUSD, in other words how representative are the teachers of the student population? Numbers of teachers and students were calculated from percents of the total number given in OUSD’s Fast Facts report.

Jail incarceration rates are measured by the number of incarcerated individuals in jail per 100,000 population aged 18-69. This Indicator is measured for Alameda County, and the most recently available data is from 2015.

This Indicator measures housing habitability complaints as a percent of total housing units by zip code as reported to the Oakland Code Enforcement Division. This Indicator compares zip codes in which more than 60% of the population is non-White to those in which more than 60% of the population is White. The third category of zip codes is those in which the population is racially and ethnically mixed.

The measurement is percent of children within OUSD who are chronically absent. Chronic absence is defined as an attendance rate of 90% or less (missing 18 or more days in a 180 day school year), regardless of whether the absences are excused or unexcused. It is not the same as Truancy. Alternative Education schools are not included in the data.

The measurement is percent of students by race/ethnicity who are not high school ready by the end of 8th grade. High school readiness is calculated by OUSD. A student is considered high school ready when all of the following have been met at the end of 8th grade: 1) Total weighted GPA of 2.5 of better, 2) School Attendance 96% or better, 3) No “Ds” or “Fs” in their core English and Math course grades in 8th grade, 4) No suspensions in 8th grade.

The measurement is percent of OUSD students (in Grades 10, 11, and 12) by race/ethnicity who are not enrolled in a Linked Learning Pathway. According to OUSD, Linked Learning is a successful approach to education based on the idea that students work harder and dream bigger if their education is relevant to them. These pathways, also known as college and career pathways, are a set of high school courses and work-based learning experiences such as internships that link academic learning to real world careers and college majors.

This Indicator measures substance abuse related emergency department visits per 100,000 by race/ethnicity, from 2013 through the third quarter of 2015. Substance abuse related emergency department visits refers to cases that involved non-medical use of pharmaceuticals, illicit drugs, or alcohol in combination with other drugs.

This Indicator measures the percent of the population that does not have health insurance coverage by race/ethnicity.