The measurement is percent of children entering OUSD Kindergartens without any preschool experience. Preschool experience can be OUSD Transitional Kindergarten (TK), OUSD preschools, Head Start, daycare, as well as subsidized, special education, or private preschool programs.

This Indicator measures the percent of the unemployed population (ages 16 and up) in Oakland by race/ethnicity who did not participate in the City of Oakland’s Workforce Development program between 7/1/2016 and 6/30/2017. The percent that did participate for each race/ethnicity is calculated by dividing number of participants of that race/ethnicity by the number of unemployed people in the labor force in Oakland of that race/ethnicity. Percent that did not participate is 100% minus the percent that did participate. NOTE: Participation is not the most meaningful metric, but was the data available. In the future, we hope to replace this with a measurement of exit outcomes for participants by race/ethnicity (i.e., did participants successfully find jobs?).

Jail incarceration rates are measured by the number of incarcerated individuals in jail per 100,000 population aged 18-69. This Indicator is measured for Alameda County, and the most recently available data is from 2015.

This Indicator measures the percent of the population aged 16 and older who are neither working nor looking for work. Employed individuals, unemployed individuals who are looking for work and individuals in the armed forces are not included in this measure.

This Indicator measures the rate of new HIV diagnoses per 100,000 population for each racial and ethnic group from 2014-2016 in Alameda County. The Alameda County Public Health Department’s HIV Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit is required to report new HIV diagnoses, which is a proxy for new HIV transmissions which are difficult to capture.

This Indicator measures the likelihood of individuals living in overcrowded housing, which is defined as housing units that have more than 1.5 people per room. Persons-per-room is the most common measure for overcrowding in housing, and 1.5 is a widely accepted threshold above which there are impacts on health and personal safety. (Source: https://www.huduser.gov/publications/pdf/measuring_overcrowding_in_hsg.pdf)

The measurement is percent of OUSD students (in Grades 10, 11, and 12) by race/ethnicity who are not enrolled in a Linked Learning Pathway. According to OUSD, Linked Learning is a successful approach to education based on the idea that students work harder and dream bigger if their education is relevant to them. These pathways, also known as college and career pathways, are a set of high school courses and work-based learning experiences such as internships that link academic learning to real world careers and college majors.

Energy cost burden is measured by the amount spent on electricity, gas, and other fuel, as a percent of household income. This Indicator measures the median energy cost burden by the race/ethnicity of householders. Householders whose energy costs were included in rent or condominium fees were excluded from this analysis.

This Indicator measures the percent of the population that does not have health insurance coverage by race/ethnicity.

This Indicator measures the percent of homeowners who have a mortgage or loan on their homes. Outstanding debt distinguishes these homeowners from those who own their homes free and clear and no longer need to make mortgage or loan payments.