Youth are considered disconnected if they are out of work and out of school. This Indicator measures the percent of the population aged 16-24 who are neither working nor in school.

This Indicator measures the age-adjusted rate of asthma-related emergency department visits per 100,000 children under 5 years of age. Data is from 2013 through the third quarter of 2015.

This Indicator measures the rate of domestic violence victimization in Oakland by race/ethnicity. Rate is calculated as the number of domestic violence incidents per 100,000 people of the same race/ethnicity (of any age).

This Indicator measures the percent of individuals living in housing units without access to high speed Internet, defined as broadband Internet service such as cable, fiber optic, or DSL service.

Unemployment is measured by the percent of the labor force that is unemployed. The labor force includes all individuals aged 16 and older who are either employed or unemployed and looking for work. Individuals in the armed forces are excluded from this measure.

The measurement is percent of teachers who were paid on salary steps 1-5 at OUSD schools (data from charters and private schools were not available). Salary steps are a proxy for teaching experience, as teachers move one step up the salary schedule for each year of teaching. In theory, teachers on salary steps 1-5 have between 1-5 years of teaching experience (not just in OUSD, but anywhere). However, it is important to note that salary steps are just a proxy and not always exactly equal to years of teaching experience.

Percents are then calculated at the school level by dividing the number of teachers on salary steps 1-5 by the total number of teachers at that school. Schools are placed into groups based on the racial and ethnic breakdown of their student population (see note below data table for full explanation of grouping). Average percent of teachers on salary steps 1-5 is then calculated for each group of schools.

This Indicator measures the percent of individuals who live in housing units that do not have complete plumbing facilities. Complete plumbing facilities include hot and cold water and a bathtub or shower.

Energy cost burden is measured by the amount spent on electricity, gas, and other fuel, as a percent of household income. This Indicator measures the median energy cost burden by the race/ethnicity of householders. Householders whose energy costs were included in rent or condominium fees were excluded from this analysis.

The measurement is percent of students by race/ethnicity who scored “Standard Not Met” on their SBAC ELA test in 3rd grade. The SBAC is California's state-mandated test for all students starting in 3rd grade. Scores only include students enrolled in OUSD schools, not charters or private schools.

Jail incarceration rates are measured by the number of incarcerated individuals in jail per 100,000 population aged 18-69. This Indicator is measured for Alameda County, and the most recently available data is from 2015.