The measurement is percent of OUSD students (in Grades 10, 11, and 12) by race/ethnicity who are not enrolled in a Linked Learning Pathway. According to OUSD, Linked Learning is a successful approach to education based on the idea that students work harder and dream bigger if their education is relevant to them. These pathways, also known as college and career pathways, are a set of high school courses and work-based learning experiences such as internships that link academic learning to real world careers and college majors.

This Indicator measures the difference in denial rate of Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) loans by race/ethnicity. The HMDA requires that any loan secured by a lien on a
dwelling made for the purpose of purchasing a home is reportable on an annual basis to the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (FFIEC), which is the federal reporting agency of the Federal Reserve Board.

The measurement is percent of children entering OUSD Kindergartens without any preschool experience. Preschool experience can be OUSD Transitional Kindergarten (TK), OUSD preschools, Head Start, daycare, as well as subsidized, special education, or private preschool programs.

This Indicator measures the hourly wage for all workers ages 16 and older and compares it to the 2016 Oakland living wage ($14.86 per hour). Hourly wages are calculated by dividing the total person’s earnings by the product of the weeks worked and the usual hours worked per week during the past 12 months. The weeks worked variable was set to the midpoint of the interval included in the ACS data. Only workers with non-zero earnings, who were not self- employed or unpaid family workers, and who were at work or had a job but were not at work last week were included in the analysis. (Source for methodology: http://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/pdf/2014/chartbook-data-and-methods.pdf)

This Indicator measures the percent of individuals who live in households in which at least one household member received SNAP (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program) benefits in the past 12 months, by race/ethnicity.

This Indicator measures what percent of 12th grade students have never taken an AP course throughout high school. OUSD collects data on the cumulative enrollment of 12th graders in AP courses by race/ethnicity, i.e. how many AP courses have they taken at any point in high school? Advanced Placement (AP) is a program created by The College Board offering college- level courses and tests in high school.

This Indicator measures the percent of individuals living in housing units without access to high speed Internet, defined as broadband Internet service such as cable, fiber optic, or DSL service.

The measurement is percent of children within OUSD who are chronically absent. Chronic absence is defined as an attendance rate of 90% or less (missing 18 or more days in a 180 day school year), regardless of whether the absences are excused or unexcused. It is not the same as Truancy. Alternative Education schools are not included in the data.

This Indicator measures the percent of the population that does not have health insurance coverage by race/ethnicity.

The measurement is percent of students by race/ethnicity who are not high school ready by the end of 8th grade. High school readiness is calculated by OUSD. A student is considered high school ready when all of the following have been met at the end of 8th grade: 1) Total weighted GPA of 2.5 of better, 2) School Attendance 96% or better, 3) No “Ds” or “Fs” in their core English and Math course grades in 8th grade, 4) No suspensions in 8th grade.