Mortality is measured in years of lives lost (YLL). The YLL Method was developed from the Global Burden of Disease 2015 Study. This method compares the age for each death to the life expectancy for that person. This Indicator then takes the total number of YLL for each category and creates a rate of YLL per 100,000 people per year. Data is from 2014-2016.

This Indicator measures the difference in denial rate of Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) loans by race/ethnicity. The HMDA requires that any loan secured by a lien on a
dwelling made for the purpose of purchasing a home is reportable on an annual basis to the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (FFIEC), which is the federal reporting agency of the Federal Reserve Board.

This Indicator measures what percent of 12th grade students have never taken an AP course throughout high school. OUSD collects data on the cumulative enrollment of 12th graders in AP courses by race/ethnicity, i.e. how many AP courses have they taken at any point in high school? Advanced Placement (AP) is a program created by The College Board offering college- level courses and tests in high school.

This Indicator measures the percent of individuals who live in households in which at least one household member received SNAP (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program) benefits in the past 12 months, by race/ethnicity.

The measurement is percent of children within OUSD who are chronically absent. Chronic absence is defined as an attendance rate of 90% or less (missing 18 or more days in a 180 day school year), regardless of whether the absences are excused or unexcused. It is not the same as Truancy. Alternative Education schools are not included in the data.

This Indicator measures access to different types of financial institutions by zip code. “Good” institutions include banks, credit unions, and savings institutions. “Bad” institutions include check cashing services, money transfer services, and payday loan institutions. The ratio between the number of bad institutions and the number of good institutions is calculated for each zip code. A higher ratio of bad-to-good institutions means that there are disproportionately more bad institutions in a given zip code. The Indicator then measures the ratio of these ratios, comparing zip codes in which more than 60% of the population is non- White to those in which more than 60% of the population is White. The third category of zip codes is those in which the population is racially and ethnically mixed.

This Indicator measures the percent of individuals living in housing units without access to high speed Internet, defined as broadband Internet service such as cable, fiber optic, or DSL service.

This Indicator measures the life expectancy of Oakland residents from 2014-2016.

This Indicator measures the percent of householders who do not own their homes. The percent of householders living in owner-occupied units does not consider other properties that may be owned by individuals within the household. This Indicator measures whether the householder owns the unit in which s/he lives.

This Indicator measures the percent of the population that does not have health insurance coverage by race/ethnicity.