The Employment Topic includes three Indicators that measure participation in the workforce, an essential component of economic wellbeing. The first Indicator in this Topic measures disparities in the rate of disconnectedness from school or work among young people ages 16 to 24 between African Americans and Asians. The second Indicator measures disparities in labor force participation, while the third Indicator focuses on disparities in unemployment, both between African American and White Oaklanders.

Unemployment is measured by the percent of the labor force that is unemployed. The labor force includes all individuals aged 16 and older who are either employed or unemployed and looking for work. Individuals in the armed forces are excluded from this measure.

Youth are considered disconnected if they are out of work and out of school. This Indicator measures the percent of the population aged 16-24 who are neither working nor in school.

This Indicator measures the percent of the population aged 16 and older who are neither working nor looking for work. Employed individuals, unemployed individuals who are looking for work and individuals in the armed forces are not included in this measure.